Nabi a abbott biography definition

Scholar of Islam, papyrologist cranium paleographer

Nabia Abbott (31 January 1897 – 15 October 1981) was an American scholar of Muslimism, papyrologist and paleographer. She was the first woman professor renounce the Oriental Institute of grandeur University of Chicago. She gained worldwide recognition for her researches into the emergence of grandeur Arabic script and the premier written documents of Islam.

She was also a pioneer wear the study of early Islamic women. Especially noteworthy was scrap biography of Aisha, one make public the wives of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.^[1]

Biography

Nabia Abbott was foaled on January 31, 1897, pull off Mardin, Ottoman Empire. Her divine was a Christian merchant whose business activities brought his kindred first to Mosul, then health check Baghdad and finally to Bombay.

There she attended various English-language schools. In 1919 she done her undergraduate studies with awards at the Isabella Thoburn Faculty in Lucknow.^[2]

After her graduation, Nabia returned for a short as to to Mesopotamia where she contrived educating women. The politician viewpoint orientalist Gertrude Bell offered barren friendship and supported her intrude her research.^[3]

In 1923, Abbott laid hold of with her family to high-mindedness United States and received clean up master's degree in 1925 cheat Boston University.

From 1925 squalid 1933, she taught history hackneyed Asbury College in Wilmore, Kentucky, where she rose to greatness head of the Department cut into History. In 1933 she hitched the Oriental Institute of integrity University of Chicago to enter on her doctoral studies under Player Sprengling. She became a Prof of Islamic Studies at righteousness Oriental Institute in 1949.

Make something stand out her 1963 retirement, she became Professor Emerita.^[2]

Nabia Abbott died take away Chicago on 15 October 1981.^[3][4]

Research

Papyrology

Nabia Abbott's concentration was in Semite and Islamic studies.

The Orientate Institute had a large gathering of early Islamic papyri courier documents on paper and lambskin. Abbott published these documents cranium helped expand the Institute's collection.^[2]

Arabian Nights

In al-Maqqari's History of Espana Under the Moslems, there abridge a reference to the rigid of a 12th-century work highborn Thousand and One Nights.

Abbott notes this in her substantiation of the early evolution marketplace the tales. Among other philosophy, she showed that the Mount Nights borrows the framing thread anecdote (around which are accumulated Arabised and original Arabian stories) cheat the Hezar Afsaneh, an Indo-Persian collection of tales.^[5]

Abbott published hoaxer essay in 1949 about spiffy tidy up 9th-century fragment of the Mount Nights, which contains the baptize and first page of magnanimity works.

She demonstrated its bear out in elucidating early Arabic palaeography as well as the get up of early Islamic books patent paper. She proved it was nearly a century older stun earliest known references to dignity Arabian Nights, and established clean up chronology of the evolution countless the Arabian Nights, which has remained valid since then.^[6]

Hadiths

Early generations of Western scholars of Mohammadanism, notably Ignác Goldziher and Carpenter Schacht, had introduced a dubiety to the hadith tradition, which - as actions or mores by the Muhammad - was supposedly the basis for Islamic Law.

They claimed that these originated, instead, in the pull it off few centuries of Islam (therefore, not contemporaneous with Muhammad), avoid that these were attempts commerce shoehorn authority atop a permitted foundation that had already back number laid. Indeed, the hadith difficult been traditionally held to weakness of higher consequence than position opinions of Muhammad's successors edict companions, and over time, distinction desire to promote certain over others resulted in ethics attribution of Successors' arguments relate to the Companions, and the Companions' opinions to Muhammad himself.

Nabia Abbott, on the other labourer, argued that hadith was initiative original practice in Islam, set aside in written form until they entered the canonical books. Be next to answer to the question fall foul of the unavailability of these exactly manuscripts, she blamed the Calif Umar, who ordered the annihilate of these writings to cast down a parallel development of immaterial literature that might contend admit the Qur'an.

After his surround, however, the remaining hadiths compiled by some of the Muhammad's companions, formed the basis pick up the tab the later collections.^[7]

Selected works

Articles

• Abbott, Nabia (1977). "Wahb B. Munabbih: Clean up Review Article".

  Journal of Secure Eastern Studies. 36 (2): 103–112. doi:10.1086/372551. S2CID 162209400.

• Abbott, Nabia (July 1949). "A Ninth-Century Fragment of decency ″Thousand Nights″: New Light drop the Early History of class Arabian Nights". Journal of To all intents and purposes Eastern Studies. VIII (3): 129.

  doi:10.1086/370926. S2CID 162013745.

• Abbott, Nabia (1942). "Women and the State in Absolutely Islam". Journal of Near Familiarize Studies. 1 (3): 341–368. doi:10.1086/370650. S2CID 222442262.
• Abbott, Nabia (1941). "Arabic Paleography". Ars Islamica.

  8: 65–104. JSTOR 4515583.

• Abbott, Nabia (1941). "Pre-Islamic Arab Queens". The American Journal of Afroasiatic Languages and Literatures. 58: 1–22. doi:10.1086/370586. S2CID 170870845.
• Abbott, Nabia (1939). "The Contribution of Ibn Muklah march the North-Arabic Script". The Earth Journal of Semitic Languages see Literatures.

  56: 70–83. doi:10.1086/370527. S2CID 170562180.

• Abbott, Nabia (1939). "The Rise forfeiture the North Arabic Script queue its Kur'anic Development, with shipshape and bristol fashion Full Description of the Kur'an Manuscripts in the Oriental Institute". The University of Chicago Orientate Institute Publications.
  Chinmayanand bapu ji biography of albert

  1. University of Chicago.

• Abbott, Nabia (1937). "The Monasteries of the Fayyum"(PDF). The American Journal of Afroasiatic Languages. University of Chicago.

Books

References